English Speaking Course day 17
Simple Sentence के Past की Category-1 और Category-2…
Past (Category-1)पहचान – सेंटेंस के अंत में था, थे, थी।
Auxiliary Verbs:
Was – Singular Subjects के साथ
Were – Plural Subjects के साथ
Rules:
Affirmative: Sub. + was/were + Obj.
Negative: Sub. + was/were + not + Obj.
Interrogative: <WH> + was/were + Sub. + Obj.?
Neg. Int.: <WH> + was/were + Sub. + not + Obj.?
Special Case
Interrogative: <WH – Sub.> + was/were + Obj.?
Neg. Int.: <WH – Sub.> + was/were + not + Obj.?
Please note:
1. जब भी किसी sentence के end में था, थे, थी हो, लेकिन उस sentence में “समय से” का ज़िक्र हो जाये, जैसे – वो सुबह से ऑफिस में था। तो ऐसे में was/were की जगह पर had been का प्रयोग हो जाता है।
2. जब भी किसी सेंटेंस में Object नहीं होता वहाँ पर आप “There” का यूज़ कर लेते हैं।
Examplesवो ऑफिस में था।
He was in the office.
वो ऑफिस में नहीं था।
He was not in the office.
क्या वो ऑफिस में था?
Was he in the office?
वो ऑफिस में क्या था?
What was he in the officeवो सुबह से ऑफिस में था।
He had been in the office since morning.
वो ऑफिस में कब से था?
Since when had he been in the office?एक लड़का था
There was a boy. / A boy was there.
एक लड़का ऑफिस में था।
There was a boy in the office. / A boy was there in the office. /
A boy was in the office.
कुछ पेड़ थे।
There were few trees.
उस जंगल में कुछ पेड़ थे।
There were few trees in that jungle. /
That jungle had few trees.
कितने पेड़ थे?
How many trees were there?कौन जगा हुआ था? (Special Case Interrogative)
Who was awake?
कौन कौन ऑफिस में थे?
Who all were in the office? /
Who all were there in the office?
वहाँ किसका भाई था?
Whose brother was there?
वहाँ कौन सी शर्ट रखी हुई थी?
Which shirt was kept there? /। Which shirt was kept over there?
आप में से कितने क्लास में थे?
How many of you were in the class? /
How many of you were there in the class? /Past (Category-2)
पहचान – पास था, में था (के अन्दर था), या भाई/बहन थे
“पास था”का मतलब Subject के पास था। “में था”का मतलब Subject में था, यानि Subject के अंदर था। “भाई/बहन” थे का मतलब Subject के भाई/बहन थे।
Auxiliary Verbs:
Had – Singular और Plural दोनों के साथ (Affirmative Sentence)
Did not have – Negative Sentence में
Had no – कुछ Cases में Negative Sentence में
Rules:
Affirmative: Sub. + had + Obj.
Negative: Sub. + did not have + Obj.
Interrogative: <WH> + did + Sub. + have + Obj.?
Neg. Int.: <WH> + did + Sub. + not + have + Obj.?
Special Case
Interrogative: <WH – Sub.> + had + Obj.?
Neg. Int.: <WH – Sub.> + did not have + Obj.?
नोट – जब सेंटेंस में Subject “में था (के अन्दर था), या भाई/बहन थे”आता है तो आप सेंटेंस को There was…/ There were… के साथ भी बना सकते हैं।Examples
उसके पास पैसे थे।
He had money.
मेरे पास पैन नहीं था।
I did not have a pen. / I had no pen.
मेरे पास दो पैन नहीं थे।
I did not have two pens.
आपके पास पानी था क्या?
Did you have water?
आपके पास क्या था?
What did you have?
किसके पास मोबाईल था? (Special Case {Interrogative})
Who had mobile?
किसके पास किताब नहीं थी? (Special Case {Neg. Int.})
Who did not have a book?
उस ग्लास में पानी था।
That glass had water. / There was water in that glass.
उस घर में दरवाज़ा नहीं था।
That house did not have a door. / There was no door in that house. / That house had no door.
उस घर में दो दरवाज़े नहीं थे।
That house didn’t have two doors. / There were no two doors in that house.
didn’t – did not
इस ग्लास में कितना पानी था?
How much water did this glass have? / How much water was there in this glass?
किस ग्लास में पानी था?
Which glass had water? / In which glass was there water?
किन घरों में नल नहीं थे?
Which houses did not have taps? / In which houses were there no taps?
उसके दो भाई थे।
He had two brothers. / There were two brothers of his.
उसका कोई भाई नहीं था।
He did not have any brother. / He had no brother. / There was no brother of his.
उसके दो भाई नहीं थे।
He did not have two brothers. / There were no two brothers of his.
क्या उसके दो भाई थे?
Did he have two brothers? / Were there two brothers of his?
उसके कितने भाई थे?
How many brothers did he have? / How many brothers were there of his?
किसके थे दो भाई ?
Who had two brothers?/ Whose were there two brothers?Homework
उस किताब में क्या लिखा हुआ था?
What was written in that book?
किस किस के पास घर नहीं था?
Who all didn’t have houses?
आप कब से ऑफिस में थे?
Since when had you been in the office
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